Nanophotonics or nano-optics is a part of nanotechnology that investigates the behavior of light on nanometer scales as well as interactions of nanometer-sized objects with light. Nanophotonics is also considered a branch of electrical engineering, optics, and optical engineering—as well as being a branch of nanotechnology. Nanophotonics often includes metallic components that can transport and focus light through surface plasmon polaritons In 2013, one group of researchers introduced IPKISS as a simple software framework used for the design of nanophotonic components. A few subcomponents of a nanophotonic circuit are displayed in Fig. 2.47. The resulting device consisted of submicrometer-wide silicon lines on top of a thick glass layer. Because silicon has a very high index of refraction, the submicron lines acted as waveguides for light: electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between 1.3 and 1.55 μm could travel along these lines (a so-called “photonic wire”) with little energy loss. By optimizing the geometry of the silicon, light can be manipulated. Fig. 2.47A and C shows a crossing of two waveguides, where the geometry is engineered such that there is no crosstalk between them. In Fig. 2.47B and D the width of the silicon around the core of the waveguide was changed and then the waveguide was stopped so that light could diffract in the thin layer of silicon on the chip You can share your ideas & comments further at : editor.rjop@peerjournal.org optics@scholarlypub.com